Page 26 - English isu 43

Mohamed Rashwan
Although salinization process may progressively develop un-
der natural conditions where a combination of aridity and restricted

drainage exists, they may only be accelerated when the soil moisture
regime is drastically changed with the introducing irrigation, without

appropriate drainage conditions (Rengazamy et al., 2003). Soil and
water salinity cause osmosis to the growing plants, nutrient imbal-

ance and cell toxicity (Elsahookie and Al-Khafajy, 2014).

Mechanisms of salt tolerance, not yet completely clear, can be

explained to some extent, by stress adaptation effectors that mediate
ion homeostasis, osmolyte biosynthesis, toxic radical scavenging,

water transport and long distance response co-ordination (Hasegawa
et al., 2000 ) . However, attempts to improve yield under stress condi-

tions by plant improvement have been largely unsuccessful, primar-
ily due to the multigenic origin of the adaptive responses. Therefore,

a well-focused approach combining the molecular, physiological,
biochemical and metabolic aspects of salt tolerance is essential to

develop salt-tolerant crop varieties.

4.Conclusions

This research paper showed that the possibility of using saline

water in the cultivation of vegetable crops sensitive to salinity along

with proline amino acids sprayed on the plant. This study confirmed
that there had been a positive effect of proline on saline sensitive
plants when spraying it on maize plant leaves. All morphological and

physiological characteristics of the maize plant were improved with

proline treatments compared to control. This trend was compatible

26