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Ghzlan Mahmoud Abdul Aziz
              Conclusion

                  - This paper has provided an overview of China and India’s arrange-
                ments with Africa, and the re-emerging as great economies in the

                international system and a return of history.

                  - China and India are seeking permanent interests and friendship in

                Africa by the logic of constituency economics like all other inde-
                pendent states.

                  -  The global economic shifting from Euro-American to East Asia,

                especially with the growth of china and India, and the new trilat-

                eral forms like; BRIC, IBSA, offer challenges and opportunities
                for the African countries.

                  - The friendship between the two growing Powers and Africa var-

                ies harshly between states, depending on their economic, political,
                and past contexts, targets and strategies.

                  - Bilateral trade activity between Africa and Asia is flourishing like

                never before.

                  - At the national and the regional  level,  the priorities of African

                states, at diverse levels of development, should form the nature
                of agreements, dialogues, and mission plans in conventional and

                “new” fields in relations to the national and the international mar-
                ket. At the international level, African countries have to monitor

                the gradual change in power towards the growing Powers and the
                behavior  in which this impacts  their  possess prospect  improve-

                ment.

                  -  China and India often spend their money in totally different ways,
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