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.‫ ﻋوﻀﺎً ﻋن اﻝﺼﺎﻤت اﻝﻤﻔﻘود‬/ α / ‫ وﻴرد اﻝﺼﺎﺌت‬،"ً‫ ﺼﺎر ﻗوﻴﺎ‬- ‫ "ﻗوي‬/barattα/  ‫ ـ ﺼﻴﻐﺔ‬
."‫ "ﺘﺴوق‬/gabajja/  ‫ ـ ﺼﻴﻐﺔ‬

.‫ ﻋوﻀﺎً ﻋن ﺼﺎﻤﺘﻴن ﻤﻔﻘودﻴن‬/α/ ‫ وﻴرد اﻝﺼﺎﺌﺘﺎن‬،"‫ اﻨﻔك‬- ‫ "ارﺘﺨﻰ‬/lαllα/  ‫ ـ ﺼﻴﻐﺔ‬3

.‫وﻻ وﺠود ﻝﻠﻔﻌل اﻷﺤﺎدي أو اﻝﺨﻤﺎﺴﻲ أو اﻝﺴداﺴﻲ اﻝﻤﺠرد ﻀﻤن أﻗﺴﺎم اﻝﻔﻌل اﻝﻤﺠرد ﻓﻲ اﻷﻤﻬرﻴﺔ‬

:‫ا‬‫ وا‬‫ا‬‫• ا‬
1- Nega Alemayehu and Peter Willett (2002): "Stemming of Amharic Words for Information

Retrieval", Literary and linguistic Computing, vol.17, No.1. Oxford University Press. p.2.
2- Office of Population and Housing Census Commission 1998, Tables 2.15 and 2.17. In The

1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia, Results at Country Level, Volume I,
Statistical Report. Addis Ababa 1998: Central Statistical Office.
http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper&Itemid=221
3- Federal Negarit Gazeta of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1995), Addis
Ababa, Constitution of FDRE, Article 5.p. 78.

: ‫ ارﺠﻊ‬-4
- Serge Obolensky, Debebow Zelelie and Mulugeta Andu Alem (1964): "Amharic Basic

Course Units 1–50", Foreign Service Institute, Washington, pp.65,121,248-252.
- R.C. Abraham (1968): "The Principles of Amharic" ,occasional publication no.9, Institute of

African Studies, University of Ibadan, pp.30-31.
- E.G. Titov (1976): ”The Modern Amharic Language”, “NAUKA” Publishing House,

Central Department Of Oriental Literature, Moscow, pp.55-57.
- David Appleyard (1995): "Colloquial Amharic", first published, Rutledge, New York,

pp.55,126.
- W. Leslau (1995):"Reference Grammar of Amharic", Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, pp. 280 -

282.
- Grover Hudson (1997): "Amharic: An Ethiopian Semitic Language", Paper image printing

center of East Lansing, pp.23-24.
- Baye Yimam (1999): "The Verb to say in Amharic" in "Journal of Ethiopian Studies", N.1.

pp.1-50, Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, p.2.
- Baye Yimam (1999): "Root Reductions and Extensions in Amharic" in "Ethiopian Journal

of Languages and Literatures", N.9. pp.56-88, Addis Ababa University, p.57.
- W. Leslau (2000): ”Introductory Grammar Of Amharic”, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden,

pp.57,107,118.

.122-111 ‫ ص‬،"‫ د ارﺴﺔ ﺼرﻓﻴﺔ ﻤﻘﺎرﻨﺔ‬:‫ "اﻝﻔﻌل اﻝﻨﺎﻗص ﻓﻲ اﻝﻠﻐﺔ اﻝﻌرﺒﻴﺔ‬:(1999) ‫ ﻋﻤر ﺼﺎﺒر ﻋﺒد اﻝﺠﻠﻴل‬: ‫ ارﺠﻊ‬- 5

. 63 ‫ ص‬،‫ اﻝﻘﺎﻫرة‬،‫ ﻋﺎﻝم اﻝﻜﺘب‬،"‫ "اﻝﺨﻼﺼﺔ اﻝﻨﺤوﻴﺔ‬:(2000) ‫ ﺘﻤﺎم ﺤﺴﺎن‬-6

،‫ اﻝﺘﻀﻌﻴف اﻝﻤوﺠود ﻫﻨـﺎ ﻓـﻲ اﻝﻔﻌـل اﻝﺜﻼﺜـﻲ واﻝرﺒـﺎﻋﻲ وﻓـﻲ ﺒﻌـض ﺼـﻴﻎ اﻝﻔﻌـل اﻝﺜﻨـﺎﺌﻲ أﺤﻴﺎﻨـﺎً ﻫـو ﺘﻀـﻌﻴف ﺼـوﺘﻲ ﻓﻘـط‬- 7
‫ وذﻝـك ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻝﻌﻜـس ﻤـن اﻝﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ ﻤـﺜﻼً ﻓـﻲ ﻤﺜـل ﺼـﻴﻐﺔ ﻓَ َﻌـ َل‬،ً‫وﻝﻴس ﺘﻀﻌﻴﻔﺎً ﻓوﻨوﻝوﺠﻴﺎً؛ ﻓﻬو ﻏﻴـر ﻤﻤﻴـز ﺼـرﻓﻴﺎً أو ﻤﻌﺠﻤﻴـﺎ‬

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