Page 431 - 2015-37

18 - Peter-K. Turkson,Op. Cit.

19 - Niger Between The Secular State And The Islamist Drift,

http://www.invisible-dog.com/index_english.html .

‫ يونيو‬2 ، )‫ اإسام السياسي بإفريقيا جنوب الصحراء (رؤية أمريكية‬،‫ ريهام أحمد خفاجي‬- 20

http://www.onislam.net . 2008

21 - David Dickson, Political Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa.. The Need for a New
Research and Diplomatic Agenda, United States Institute of Peace, http://
www.usip.org/sites/default/iles/sr140.pdf.

22 - Who Are the Allied Democratic Forces ?

www.trackingterrorism.org

23 - Charles R. Stith, Radical Islam in East Africa, The Ambassadors Review,
51, Fall2006 . https://s3.amazonaws.com.

24 - Mail Gurdian, http://m.mgafrica.com .

25 - Charles R. Stith, Op. Cit.

26 - The World Bank, World Development Indicators, 24/2/2015 . http://data.
albankaldawli.org/country/mali .

27 - Benjamin Soares, Islam in Mali since the 2012 coup, Mali, March 2012,
www.culanth.org

28 - Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation )NNP(, February 23, 2015

http://www.nnpcgroup.com/PublicRelations.

29 -Worldometers, Population of Nigeria 2015. http://www.worldometers.info.

‫ برنامج الدراسات المصرية‬: ‫ (القاهرة‬، ‫ الدين والسياسة في نيجيريا‬، ‫ صبحي قنصوة‬.‫ د‬- 30
. 24 ‫ ص‬، ) 2004 ، ‫ جامعة القاهرة‬، ‫ كلية ااقتصاد والعلوم السياسية‬، ‫اأفريقية‬

31 - The World Bank, World Development Indicators, Nigeria, 2013 .

http://data.worldbank.org/country/nigeria.

32 - World Population Review, Somalia Population 2014, 10/19/2014.

http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/somalia-population.

33 - Sarah McGregor, World Bank Gets First Measure of ‘Unequal’ Somaliland
Economy, The Bloomberg Business, http://www.bloomberg.com .

34 - The World Bank, World Development Indicators, Central African Republic,
2013.

http://data.worldbank.org/country/central-african-republic.

35 - Stephen Rakowski, Radical Islam Finding Ground in the Central African
Republic, African Policy Journal, John F. Kennedy School of Government,
Harvard University. www.apj.fas.harvard.edu.

- 426 -